Lesson 16

Mary had a little lamb
玛丽有一头羔羊

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Was Dimitri right to apologize to his neighbour? Why not?

Mary and her husband Dimitri lived in the tiny village of Perachora in southern Greece. One of Mary's prize possessions was a little white lamb which her husband had given her. She kept it tied to a tree in a field during the day and went to fetch it every evening. One evening, however, the lamb was missing. The rope had been cut, so it was obvious that the lamb had been stolen.
When Dimitri came in from the fields, his wife told him what had happened. Dimitri at once set out to find the thief. He knew it would not prove difficult in such a small village. After telling several of his friends about the theft, Dimitri found out that his neighbour, Aleko, had suddenly acquired a new lamb. Dimitri immediately went to Aleko's house and angrily accused him of stealing the lamb. He told him he had better return it or he would call the police. Aleko denied taking it and led Dimitri into his backyard. It was true that he had just bought a lamb, he explained, but his lamb was black. Ashamed of having acted so rashly, Dimitri apologized to Aleko for having accused him. While they were talking it began to rain and Dimitri stayed in Aleko's house until the rain stopped. When he went outside half an hour later, he was astonished to find the little black lamb was almost white. Its wool, which had been dyed black, had been washed clean by the rain!

参考译文

玛丽与丈夫迪米特里住在希腊南部一个叫波拉考拉的小村庄里。玛丽最珍贵的财产之一就是丈夫送给她的一只白色小羔羊。白天，玛丽把羔羊拴在地里的一颗树上，每天晚上把它牵回家。可是，一天晚上，那只小羔羊失踪了。绳子被人割断，很明显小羔羊是被人偷走了。
迪米特里从地里回来，妻子把情况跟他一说，他马上出去找偷羔羊的人。他知道在这样一个小村庄里抓住小偷并不困难。把失窃的事告诉几个朋友后，迪米特里发出他的邻居阿列科家突然多了一只小羔羊。迪米特里立刻去了阿列科家，气呼呼地指责他偷了羔羊，告诉他最好把羊交还，否则就去叫警察。阿列科不承认，并把迪米特里领进院子。不错，他的确刚买了一只羔羊，阿列科解释说，但他的羔羊是黑色的。迪米特里为自己的鲁莽而感到不好意思，向阿列科道了歉，说是错怪了他。就在他俩说话的时候，天下起了雨，迪米特里便呆在阿列科家里避雨，一直等到雨停为止。半小时后，当他从屋里出来时，他惊奇地发现小黑羔羊全身几乎都变成白色。原来羊毛上染的黑色被雨水冲掉了！

【New words and expressions】 生词和短语

★prize
adj. 珍贵的，宝贵的
prize Mary has got a prize lamb
The cat is prize to the old lady.
valuable
precious
cherishable
dear

★tie
v. 拴，系
tie sth.to
I tied the dog to a tree.
于……有联系
He is tied to his family
(n.)领带，关系（强调血缘关系）

★theft
n. 偷盗行为，偷盗案
He reports the theft to the police.

★accuse
v. 指控
accuse sb.of doing sth.
accuse 比charge语义弱：accuse强调＂严厉的指责＂，charge强调＂控告＂

★deny
v. 否认
deny doing sth.
He denied stealing the lamb.
He denied the truth.
deny sb. nothing :百依百顺
He denies his wife nothing.
deny oneself: 克制自己
On some occasions we must deny ourselves.

★ashamed
adj. 感到羞耻，惭愧
be ashamed of
He is ashamed of being a dustman.
shameful: 可耻的
The theft is shameful.
shameless: 无耻的
The thief is a shameless person.

★apologize
v. 道歉
apologize to sb.(for sth.)
(n.)apology

★dye
v. 染
Dye the cloth black

【课文讲解】

in the tiny village of...
in the big city of Beijing
in the beautiful city of Paris.

possession: 所有物
What I possess is valuable./My possessions are valuable.
belinging: 随身携带物

keep: 使……处于某种状态
keep后的复合宾语（宾语补足语）可以是形容词、介词短语、分词
keep和过去分词搭配做宾语补足语，过去分词和宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系
宾语补足语和宾语是主谓关系，那么宾语补足语是现在分词结构
I keep my windows closed.
I kept the boy standing outside.

It is obvious that...
set out to do sth.: 开始着手做某事

tell sb.about sth.

He can't be ill or he wouldn't have come.
or else
Your room is so dirty,Clear it promptly,or else...

It is true that...,but...
It is true that the work is hard,but we'll finish it ahead.

现在分词结构（形容词结构）做状语，此处相当于原因状语，放主句前后均可
Angry at everybody here,he left suddenly.
Anxious for a quick decision,he called his friends.
Nervous,the man opened the letter.

【Special difficulties】
had better do sth.
had better not do sth.

Exercise P76
Rewrite the following sentences using had better in place of it would be advisable.
1 It would be advisable for us to have lunch.
2 It would be advisable for her to renew her passport.
3 It would not be advisable for you to ask so many questions.
4 It would not be advisable for us to stay any longer.
5 It would be advisable for the children to get an early night.
6 It would be advisable for me to consult my solicitor.

Key:
1 We had better have lunch.
2 She had better renew her passport.
3 You had better not ask so many questions.
4 We had better not stay any longer.
5 The children had better get an early night.
6 I had better o consult my solicitor.
注：solicitor 律师，法律顾问

【Multiple choice questions】P76
Comprehension
1 Every evening, Mary used to go and _____ .
a. cut the lamb from the rope it had been tied on
b. untie the lamb so it could wander in the field at night
c. bring her lamb back home for the night
d. make sure that her lamb was not missing
1. C

2 It would not be difficult to find the thief because _____ .
a. the lamb had been one of Mary’s prize possessions
b. news travels fast in a small community
c. Dimitri had a lot of friends in the village
d. the rain would soon wash the black dye off the lamb
2. B
community:社区 village

3 When Aleko first showed Dimitri the lamb in his backyard _____ .
a. he was truthful about how he had acquired he lamb but not about its colour
b. Dimitri admitted that the lamb could not be his wife’s
c. it was clear that the lamb had been dyed black
d. it started to rain before Dimitri had time to identify the lamb as his
3. B

Structure
4 Mary and her husband Dimitri lived in Perachora, _____ tiny village in southern Greece. (ll.1-2)
a. in a b. the c. in the d. a
4. D

5 ----was a little white lamb which had been _____ from her husband. (ll.2-3)
a. present b. presented c. presenting d. a present
present --> absent
presented +to / with
When Mr Brown left firm, the director presented a gold watch to him.
a present from sb.
Eg.; The gold watch was present from the director.
5. D

6 On her husband’s return, _____ what had happened. (ll.7-8)
a. his wife told him b. she told Dimitri c. Mary told him d. Dimitri was told
6. C

7 ----it would not prove difficult in a village of _____ size. (ll.8-9)
a. a such small b. so small c. the smallest d. so small a
so small a size or such a small size
7. D

8 He told him if he _____ it, he would call the police. (l.11)
a. was not returning b. did not return c. has not returned d. had not returned
8. B

Vocabulary
9 One of Mary’s most _____ possessions...(l.2)
a. valued b. worthwhile c. worthy d. expensive
9. A
valued advice 宝贵的忠告
valued friend 珍贵的朋友
worthwhile 值得的
Eg.: Any exercise is worthwhile.
Studying hard is worthwhile.
worthy: 配得上的
Eg.: The chain is worthy of the watch.
His deeds are worthy of our praise.他的行为值得我们表扬。
10 After _____ the theft to several of his friends... (l.9)
a. telling b. reporting c. expressing d. counting
tell somebody about something
10 B
report something to somebody

11 During their _____, it began to rain. (ll.13-14)
a. chat b. argument c. conversation d.speech
11. C
talk == conversation

12 When he went ____ half an hour later ... (ll.14-15)
a. out of doors b. into the open c. in the open air d. inside out
12. A
out of doors---outside 反义词：indoors
in the open air 在野外，在露天
inside out:里外反穿
Eg.: He put his socks on inside out.他把袜子穿反了。